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    #include<d3d9.h>
#include<d3dx9.h>


#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx9.lib")

#define WINDOW_CLASS    "UGPDX"
#define WINDOW_NAME     "Off-Screen Rendering"
#define WINDOW_WIDTH    640
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT   480

// Function Prototypes...
bool InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, bool fullscreen);
bool InitializeObjects();
void RenderScene();
void Shutdown();


// Direct3D object and device.
LPDIRECT3D9 g_D3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_D3DDevice = NULL;

// Matrices.
D3DXMATRIX g_projection;
D3DXMATRIX g_ViewMatrix;

// stD3DVertex buffer to hold the square's geometry.
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_VertexBuffer = NULL;

// g_Teapot object and its material.
LPD3DXMESH g_Teapot = NULL;
D3DMATERIAL9 g_Material;
float g_RotationAngle = 0.0f;

// Light object.
D3DLIGHT9 g_Light;

// Back buffer, offscreen texture, offscreen surface.
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 g_BackSurface = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 g_SurfaceTexture = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 g_OffScreenSurface = NULL;


// A structure for our custom vertex type
struct stD3DVertex
{
    float x, y, z;
    float tu, tv;
};

// Our custom FVF, which describes our custom vertex structure
#define D3DFVF_VERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_TEX1)


LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
   switch(msg)
      {
         case WM_DESTROY:
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
            break;

         case WM_KEYUP:
            if(wParam == VK_ESCAPE) PostQuitMessage(0);
            break;
      }

   return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}


int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE prevhInst, LPSTR cmdLine, int show)
{
   // Register the window class
   WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
                     GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                     WINDOW_CLASS, NULL };
   RegisterClassEx(&wc);

   // Create the application's window
   HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(WINDOW_CLASS, WINDOW_NAME, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                            100, 100, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT,
                            GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL);

   // Initialize Direct3D
   if(InitializeD3D(hWnd, false))
      {
         // Show the window
         ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
         UpdateWindow(hWnd);

         // Enter the message loop
         MSG msg;
         ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(msg));

         while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
            {
               if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE))
                  {
                     TranslateMessage(&msg);
                     DispatchMessage(&msg);
                  }
               else
                  RenderScene();
            }
      }

   // Release any and all resources.
   Shutdown();

   // Unregister our window.
   UnregisterClass(WINDOW_CLASS, wc.hInstance);
   return 0;
}


bool InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, bool fullscreen)
{
   D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode;

   // Create the D3D object.
   g_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
   if(g_D3D == NULL) return false;

   // Get the desktop display mode.
   if(FAILED(g_D3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &displayMode)))
      return false;

   // Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice
   D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
   ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

   if(fullscreen)
      {
         d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
         d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = WINDOW_WIDTH;
         d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = WINDOW_HEIGHT;
      }
   else
      d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
   d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
   d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = displayMode.Format;
   d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
   d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
   d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;

   // Create the D3DDevice
   if(FAILED(g_D3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
             D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_D3DDevice)))
      {
         return false;
      }

   // Initialize any objects we will be displaying.
   if(!InitializeObjects()) return false;

   return true;
}


bool InitializeObjects()
{
   // Setup the g_Light source.
   g_Light.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
   g_Light.Direction = D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
   g_Light.Diffuse.r = 1;
   g_Light.Diffuse.g = 1;
   g_Light.Diffuse.b = 1;
   g_Light.Diffuse.a = 1;
   g_Light.Specular.r = 1;
   g_Light.Specular.g = 1;
   g_Light.Specular.b = 1;
   g_Light.Specular.a = 1;

   g_D3DDevice->SetLight(0, &g_Light);
   g_D3DDevice->LightEnable(0, TRUE);

   // Setup the material properties for the teapot.
   ZeroMemory(&g_Material, sizeof(D3DMATERIAL9));
   g_Material.Diffuse.r = g_Material.Ambient.r = 0.6f;
   g_Material.Diffuse.g = g_Material.Ambient.g = 0.6f;
   g_Material.Diffuse.b = g_Material.Ambient.b = 0.7f;
   g_Material.Specular.r = 0.4f;
   g_Material.Specular.g = 0.4f;
   g_Material.Specular.b = 0.4f;
   g_Material.Power = 8.0f;

   // Create the teapot.
   if(FAILED(D3DXCreateTeapot(g_D3DDevice, &g_Teapot, NULL)))
      return false;


   // Create the texture that will be rendered to.
   if(FAILED(D3DXCreateTexture(g_D3DDevice, WINDOW_WIDTH,
      WINDOW_HEIGHT, 1, D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8,
      D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_SurfaceTexture))) return false;

   // Set texture to offscreen surface.
   g_SurfaceTexture->GetSurfaceLevel(0, &g_OffScreenSurface);


   // Square that will be textured with offscreen rendering data.
   stD3DVertex square[] =
   {
      {-1, 1,  -1, 0, 0}, {1, 1,  -1, 1, 0},
      {-1, -1, -1, 0, 1}, {1, -1, -1, 1, 1}
   };

   g_D3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(4 * sizeof(stD3DVertex), 0,
                  D3DFVF_VERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
                  &g_VertexBuffer, NULL);

   void *pData = NULL;
   g_VertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(square), (void**)&pData, 0);
   memcpy(pData, square, sizeof(square));
   g_VertexBuffer->Unlock();


   // Set the image states to get a good quality image.
	g_D3DDevice->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	g_D3DDevice->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);

	// Set default rendering states.
   g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);
	g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CCW);
   g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE);


   // Set the projection matrix.
   D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&g_projection, 45.0f,
      WINDOW_WIDTH/WINDOW_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
   g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &g_projection);


   // Define camera information.
   D3DXVECTOR3 cameraPos(0.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f);
   D3DXVECTOR3 lookAtPos(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
   D3DXVECTOR3 upDir(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

   // Build view matrix.
   D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&g_ViewMatrix, &cameraPos,
                      &lookAtPos, &upDir);

   return true;
}


void RenderScene()
{
   // Get a copy of the back buffer.
   g_D3DDevice->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO,
                              &g_BackSurface);

   // Prepare to draw to the offscreen surface.
   g_D3DDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, g_OffScreenSurface);

   // Clear the offscreen surface.
   g_D3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET |D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,
                      D3DCOLOR_XRGB(200,200,200), 1.0f, 0);

   // Begin the scene.  Start rendering.
   g_D3DDevice->BeginScene();

      // Turn on lighting.
      g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);

      // Set projection.
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &g_projection);

      // Create rotation matrix to rotate teapot.
      D3DXMATRIXA16 w;
      D3DXMatrixRotationY(&w, g_RotationAngle);
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &w);

      // Add to the rotation.
      g_RotationAngle += 0.02f;
      if(g_RotationAngle >= 360) g_RotationAngle = 0.0f;

      // Apply the view (camera).
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &g_ViewMatrix);

      // Set the material and draw the Teapot.
      g_D3DDevice->SetMaterial(&g_Material);
      g_D3DDevice->SetTexture(0, NULL);
      g_Teapot->DrawSubset(0);

   // End the scene.  Stop rendering.
   g_D3DDevice->EndScene();


   // Switch back to our back buffer.
   g_D3DDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, g_BackSurface);

   // Clear the back buffer.
   g_D3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL,  D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER ,
                      D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);

   // Begin the scene.  Start rendering.
   g_D3DDevice->BeginScene();

      // Turn off lighting. Don't need it.
      g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);

      // Set projection.
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &g_projection);

      // Rotate just a little to see this is a flat surface.
      D3DXMatrixRotationY(&w, 120);
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &w);

      // Apply the view (camera).
      g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &g_ViewMatrix);

      g_D3DDevice->SetTexture(0, g_SurfaceTexture);
      g_D3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_VertexBuffer, 0,
                                   sizeof(stD3DVertex));
      g_D3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_VERTEX);
      g_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP,  0, 2);

   // End the scene.  Stop rendering.
   g_D3DDevice->EndScene();

   // Display the scene.
   g_D3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}


void Shutdown()
{
   if(g_D3DDevice != NULL) g_D3DDevice->Release();
   g_D3DDevice = NULL;

   if(g_D3D != NULL) g_D3D->Release();
   g_D3D = NULL;

   if(g_VertexBuffer != NULL) g_VertexBuffer->Release();
   g_VertexBuffer = NULL;

   if(g_Teapot != NULL) g_Teapot->Release();
   g_Teapot = NULL;

   if(g_BackSurface != NULL) g_BackSurface->Release();
   g_BackSurface = NULL;

   if(g_SurfaceTexture != NULL) g_SurfaceTexture->Release();
   g_SurfaceTexture = NULL;

   if(g_OffScreenSurface != NULL) g_OffScreenSurface->Release();
   g_OffScreenSurface = NULL;
}

    I can not run this example.Get image is spent.

    When the depth buffer may be cleared out of the wrong.

    My card is NVIDIA GT240。

    How's going on in the end？？？？？？？？？？？？？

    • Moved by Nancy Shao Monday, April 5, 2010 7:38 AM Not appropriate forum (From:Visual C++ General)
    Saturday, March 27, 2010 5:59 PM

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