Hi,
There is no such method to prohibit rearranging desktop icons.
However, you can set a mandatory user profile for the domain user.
A mandatory user profile is a special type of pre-configured roaming user profile that
administrators can use to specify settings for users. With mandatory user profiles, a user can modify his or her desktop, but the changes are not saved when the user logs off. The next time the user logs on, the mandatory user profile created by the administrator
is downloaded.
How to set a mandatory user profile:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/client-management/mandatory-user-profile
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