Original

Here is the simpler steps to change the SQL Server Instance Collation, Please note once the collation is changed we may need to modify the query according to the need as the collation it was referring will change. 

Steps:

Step 1: Open the CMD in elevated privilages

Step 2: Check the services

sc queryex type= service state= all | find /i "SQL Server"

Step 3:Stop SQL Server
NET STOP "SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS2008R2)"

Step 4:Move to Binn Directory from CMD 

EXAMPLE: D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.SQLEXPRESS2008R2\MSSQL\Binn

Step 5: type DIR and Check SQL Server.exe is listed 

Step 6: Apply a New SQL Server Collation

sqlservr -m -T4022 -T3659 -s"SQLEXPRESS2008R2" -q"SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS"

[-m] single user admin mode 
[-T] trace flag turned on at startup 
[-s] sql server instance name 
[-q] new collation to be applied

4022

Used to bypass automatically started (startup) procedures, this is a subset of startup option –f. 
TIP: Each SP consumes one worker thread while executing so you may prefer to make one startup procedure that calls others.

3659

https://spaghettidba.com/2011/05/20/trace-flag-3659/

After a lot of research, I found a reference to this flag in a script called AddSelfToSqlSysadmin, written by Ward Beattie, a developer  in the SQL Server product group at Microsoft.
The script contains a line which suggests that this flag enables logging all errors to errorlog during server startup.

Step 7: SQL Server may start in single user mode, if command prompt doesnt end press ctrlX, this will prompt Y/N to shutdown SQL Server, Choose Y

2018-08-01 17:12:30.25 spid7s      The default collation was successfully change
d.
2018-08-01 17:12:30.26 spid7s      Recovery is complete. This is an informationa
l message only. No user action is required.
2018-08-01 17:12:42.01 Logon       Error: 18461, Severity: 14, State: 1.
2018-08-01 17:12:42.01 Logon       Login failed for user 'NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK S
ERVICE'. Reason: Server is in single user mode. Only one administrator can conne
ct at this time. [CLIENT: <local machine>]
2018-08-01 17:13:41.91 Logon       Error: 18461, Severity: 14, State: 1.
2018-08-01 17:13:41.91 Logon       Login failed for user 'NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK S
ERVICE'. Reason: Server is in single user mode. Only one administrator can conne
ct at this time. [CLIENT: <local machine>]
Do you wish to shutdown SQL Server (Y/N)? Y



Step 8: Start SQL and verify the collation
NET START "SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS2008R2)"


D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.SQLEXPRESS2008R2\MSSQL\Binn>
 NET  START "SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS2008R2)"
The SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS2008R2) service is starting.
The SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS2008R2) service was started successfully.